It is then, Fight and conquer, or die. Where the point of this reproach lies, or what is the reason of it, cannot be easily ascertained. Ephraimites quarrel with Jephthah. Judges 12 Commentary) A R Fausset - And he had forty sons and thirty nephews [rather in modern English, grandsons; as ‘nephew’ means, in Spenser and Shakspere, and other old English writers], that rode on threescore and ten ass-colts [implying their dignity (ch. The Eastern tribe had, it seems, a dialectical provincialism in the sound of Shibboleth; and the Ephraimites could not bring their organs to pronounce it. Judges 12:4-15 . . Though the Ephraimites had not a different dialect, they had, it appears, a different pronunciation, which confounded, to others, letters of the same organ, and thus produced, not only a different sound, but even an opposite meaning. Then rushing to the fords of the Jordan, they intercepted and slew every fugitive. https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/acc/judges-12.html. This phrase occurs in some other places of Scripture; see 1 Samuel 19:5; 1 Samuel 28:21. . We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. Pride was at the bottom of the quarrel; only by that comes contention. But whence did this form of speech arise? But there can be no doubt there was, to the ears of a Hebrew, a most sensible distinction. The difference between ש seen, without a point, which when pointed is pronounced sheen, and ס samech, is supposed by many to be imperceptible. In my very ancient copy of the Vulgate, probably the editio princeps, there is sebboleth in the first instance as the test word, and thebboleth as the Ephraimite pronunciation. In this chapter we have, I. Jephthah’s rencounter with the Ephraimites, and the blood shed on that unhappy occasion ( v. 1-6 ), and the conclusion of Jephthah’s life and government ( v. 7 ). This was a sufficient test to find out an Ephraimite; and he who spake not as he was commanded, at the fords of Jordan, spoke against his own life. And the words of the Conqueror, Isaiah 63:5, seem to confirm the above view of the subject: I looked, and there was none to help; and I wondered there was none to uphold; therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me; i.e., by mine own arm I saved my life, and brought destruction on mine enemies. "The Adam Clarke Commentary". But instead of יכין yachin, to direct, thirteen of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS., with two ancient editions, read יבין yabin ; "they did not understand to speak it thus." Jephthah dies, having judged Israel six years, Judges 12:7. One to whom the Arabic is vernacular, hearing a native speak, discerns it in a moment; but the delicate enunciation of the characteristic difference between those letters ש seen and ס samech, and seen and saad, is seldom caught by a European. 4-6. the men of Gilead smote Ephraim, because they said, Ye Gileadites are fugitives of Ephraim--The remonstrances of Jephthah, though reasonable and temperate, were not only ineffectual, but followed by insulting sneers that the Gileadites were reckoned both by the western Manassites and Ephraimites as outcasts--the scum and refuse of their common stock. Probably from a man's laying hold of his sword, spear, or bow. and went northward --After crossing the Jordan, their route from Ephraim was, strictly speaking, in a northeasterly direction, toward Mizpeh. Matthew Henry’s Bible Commentary (concise), Matthew Henry Bible Commentary (complete), California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Judges 12. His posterity and death, Judges 12:9, Judges 12:10. The men of Ephraim gathered themselves together - ויצעק vaiyitstsaek, they called each other to arms; summoning all their tribe and friends to arm themselves to destroy Jephthah and the Gileadites, being jealous lest they should acquire too much power. It often occasions quarrels that prove of ill consequence, as it did here. The Chaldee has שובלתא shubbaltha for the Gileaditish pronunciation, and סבלתא subbaltha for that of Ephraim. 9 And he had thirty sons, and thirty daughters, whom he sent abroad, and took in thirty daughters from abroad for his sons. "Say therefore, Shibboleth; which interpreted is an ear of corn: but he answered, Sibboleth; not being able to express an ear of corn by that letter." It often occasions quarrels that prove of ill consequence, as it did here. It is likely that the Ephraimites were, in reference to the pronunciation of sh, as different from the Gileadites as the people in some parts of the north of England are, in the pronunciation of the letter r, from all the other inhabitants of the land. (1-7) Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon judge Israel. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. edition, makes some observations on the different dialects which prevailed in Arabia Felix, the chief of which were the Hemyaret and Koreish; and to illustrate the point in hand, he produces the following story from the Mohammedan writers: "An envoy from one of the feudatory states, having been sent to the tobba, (the sovereign), that prince, when he was introduced, pronounced the word T'heb, which in the Hemyaret implied, Be seated: unhappily it signified, in the native dialect of the ambassador, Precipitate thyself; and he, with a singular deference for the orders of his sovereign, threw himself instantly from the castle wall and perished." Salem Media Group. Elon judge ten years, and dies, Judges 12:11, Judges 12:12. of The sound of th cannot be pronounced by the Persians in general; and yet it is a common sound among the Arabians. To live in credit and quiet, to be peacefully useful to those around us, to possess a clear conscience; but, above all, and without which nothing can avail, to enjoy … All rights reserved. Bibliography InformationClarke, Adam. This was addressed to a peculiarly sensitive people. 1. the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together -- Hebrew, "were summoned." The Ephraimites had the same quarrel with Jephthah as with Gideon. No contentions are so bitter as those between brethren or rivals for honour. and went northward--After crossing the Jordan, their route from Ephraim was, strictly speaking, in a northeasterly direction, toward Mizpeh. ii., 4th. the men of Ephraim . The Arabic has the same word, with sheen and seen ; and adds, "He said Sebla, for the Ephraimites could not pronounce the letter sheen ." Copyright StatementThese files are public domain. For he could not frame to pronounce it right - This is not a bad rendering of the original כן לדבר יכין ולא velo yachin ledabber ken ; "and they did not direct to speak it thus." II. We find that Ibzan had a numerous family, sixty children; and Abdon had forty sons and thirty grandsons; and that they lived splendidly, which is here expressed by their riding on seventy young asses; what we would express by they all kept their carriages; for the riding on fine asses in those days was not less dignified than riding in coaches in ours. Article Images Copyright © 2020 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. "Commentary on Judges 12:4". I put my life in my hands - I exposed myself to the greatest difficulties and dangers. 13 And after him Abdon the son of Hillel, a Pirathonite, judged Israel. 12:1-7 The Ephraimites had the same quarrel with Jephthah as with Gideon. 1832. 14 And he had forty sons and thirty nephews, that rode on threescore and ten ass colts: and he judged Israel eight years. It is ill to fasten names of reproach upon persons or countries, as is common, especially upon those under outward disadvantages. The happiest life of individuals, and the happiest state of society, is that which affords the fewest remarkable events. 3. when I saw that ye delivered me not, I put my life in my hands--A common form of speech in the East for undertaking a duty of imminent peril. Thus Jephthah took his life in his hand. 7. . Yet, doubtless, God was at work among them, though there were none to record the operations either of his hand or his Spirit; but the people who feared him no doubt bore testimony to the word of his grace. These notices, however trivial at first view, will not be thought unimportant by the Biblical critic. The happiest life of individuals, and the happiest state of society, is that which affords the fewest remarkable events. 1. the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together--Hebrew, "were summoned." And fought with Ephraim - Some commentators suppose that there were two battles in which the Ephraimites were defeated: the first mentioned in the above clause; and the second occasioned by the taunting language mentioned in the conclusion of the verse, Ye Gileadites are fugitives of Ephraim. Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete) /. This Jephthah had done, having encountered and routed the Ammonites with the aid of his Gileadite volunteers alone; and since the Lord had enabled him to conquer without requiring assistance from any other tribe, why should the Ephraimites take offense? They ought rather to have been delighted and thankful that the war had terminated without their incurring any labor and danger. Judges 12:1-3 . (8-15). He was followed by a succession of minor judges, of whom the only memorials preserved relate to the number of their families and their state [ Judges 12:8-15 ]. 12 And Elon the Zebulonite died, and was buried in Aijalon in the country of Zebulun. We have here a short account of three more of the judges of Israel. It is also true that as much as our dialect gives us away, so does our everyday speech. All Rights Reserved. What need we have to watch and pray against evil tempers! said unto Jephthah, Wherefore . Judges 12 Commentary, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a verse level look at the Bible. THE EPHRAIMITES QUARRELLING WITH JEPHTHAH. He vindicates himself, Judges 12:2, Judges 12:3; and arms the Gileadites against the men of Ephraim; they fight against them, and kill forty-two thousand Ephraimites at the passages of Jordan, Judges 12:4-6. The Gileadites, determined to chastise this public affront, gave them battle; and having defeated the Ephraimites, they chased their foul-mouthed but cowardly assailants out of the territory. DISCERNED BY THE WORD SIBBOLETH, ARE SLAIN BY THE GILEADITES. . KJV Judges 12:8 ¶ And after him [That is, Jephthah] Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel. The Vulgate makes a paraphrase: Dic ergo Shibboleth, quod interpretatur spica: qui respondebat Sibboleth; eadem litera spicam exprimere non valens. Say now Shibboleth; and he said Sibboleth - The original differs only in the first letter ס samech, instead of ש sheen ; סבלת ויאמר שבלת נא אמר emar na Shibboleth, vaiyomer Sibboleth . The Syriac has shelba and sebla . Shibboleth, means "a stream"; Sibboleth, "a burden." Go to, To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use our convenient, For he could not frame to pronounce it right, Commentary Critical and Explanatory - Unabridged, Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible, Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures.

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